论文标题
全$ f $和$Δf$ gyrokinetic粒子模拟的alfvén波和能量粒子物理
Full $f$ and $δf$ gyrokinetic particle simulations of Alfvén waves and energetic particle physics
论文作者
论文摘要
在这项工作中，我们着重于粒子中的粒子方案的发展以及在Tokamak等离子体中对Alfvén波和能量粒子物理学的研究的应用。 $ΔF$和完整的$ F $方案是在采用混合变量的相同基础上制定的，以及用于电磁问题的回调方案。 Trimeg-GKX代码[Lu等。 J. Comput。物理。 440（2021）110384]已使用立方样条有限元素和完整的$ f $和$ΔF$方案进行了升级。 EP驱动的TAE已为ITPA-TAE案例模拟，由小电子皮肤深度$ \ sim 1.18 \ times10^{ - 3} \; {\ rm m} $，这是电磁模拟的具有挑战性的参数，尤其是全部$ f $ f $ f $ f $。使用$ΔF$方案的仿真结果与以前的工作非常一致。对于完整的$ f $和$ΔF$方案，已经观察到了混合变量/回调方案的出色性能。混合全$ F $ EPS和$ΔF$电子和热离子的仿真证明了这种新颖方案在降低噪声水平方面的良好特征。整个$ f $方案是EP物理学研究的自然选择，它允许使用与间歇性和短暂性等离子体活动相关的现实实验分布，为动力学研究提供了大量的EP概况和分布。
In this work, we focus on the development of the particle-in-cell scheme and the application to the studies of Alfvén waves and energetic particle physics in tokamak plasmas. The $δf$ and full $f$ schemes are formulated on the same footing adopting mixed variables and the pullback scheme for electromagnetic problems. The TRIMEG-GKX code [Lu et al. J. Comput. Phys. 440 (2021) 110384] has been upgraded using cubic spline finite elements and full $f$ and $δf$ schemes. The EP-driven TAE has been simulated for the ITPA-TAE case featured by a small electron skin depth $\sim 1.18\times10^{-3}\;{\rm m}$, which is a challenging parameter regime of electromagnetic simulations, especially for the full $f$ model. The simulation results using the $δf$ scheme are in good agreement with previous work. Excellent performance of the mixed variable/pullback scheme has been observed for both full $f$ and $δf$ schemes. Simulations with mixed full $f$ EPs and $δf$ electrons and thermal ions demonstrate the good features of this novel scheme in mitigating the noise level. The full $f$ scheme is a natural choice for EP physics studies which allows a large variation of EP profiles and distributions in velocity space, providing a powerful tool for kinetic studies using realistic experimental distributions related to intermittent and transient plasma activities.
