论文标题
低$ΔV$ SPACECRAFT任务到Oort Cloud Comet C/2014 Un $ _ {271} $的分析
Analysis of Low $ΔV$ Spacecraft Missions to Oort Cloud Comet C/2014 UN$_{271}$
论文作者
论文摘要
储层计算是预测湍流的有力工具，其简单的架构具有处理大型系统的计算效率。然而，其实现通常需要完整的状态向量测量和系统非线性知识。我们使用非线性投影函数将系统测量扩展到高维空间，然后将其输入到储层中以获得预测。我们展示了这种储层计算网络在时空混沌系统上的应用，该系统模拟了湍流的若干特征。我们表明，使用径向基函数作为非线性投影器，即使只有部分观测并且不知道控制方程，也能稳健地捕捉复杂的系统非线性。最后，我们表明，当测量稀疏、不完整且带有噪声，甚至控制方程变得不准确时，我们的网络仍然可以产生相当准确的预测，从而为实际湍流系统的无模型预测铺平了道路。
Comet C/2014 UN$_{271}$, alternative designation 'BB' after its discoverers 'Bernardinelli/Bernstein', and commonly referred to as UN$_{271}$, is an extreme case on two fronts, firstly its solar distance on discovery ($>$ 29 au) and secondly the size of its nucleus (137$\pm$ 15 km). With an aphelion distance of $\sim$33,000 au (w.r.t. the solar system barycentre) and an orbital period $\sim$2 million years, it is definitely an object from the solar system's Oort cloud, and also by a good measure the largest Oort cloud object ever observed. In situ observation of UN$_{271}$ would be of considerable scientific importance. Unlike most Oort cloud comets which have been discovered for the first time only as they near the inner solar system, UN$_{271}$ was discovered early enough to provide adequate advanced warning to plan for such a mission. In this paper we describe the various methods for reaching UN$_{271}$ during the period around its perihelion and ecliptic plane passage, with both flyby and rendezvous options; exploiting direct transfers, Jupiter powered gravitational assists (GA) or alternatively a series of GAs of the inner planets. Viable flyby and rendezvous trajectories are found, especially using the NASA Space Launch System (SLS) as the launch vehicle.
