论文标题
用于检测21厘米氢信号从红移7.5到28的触及辐射计
The REACH radiometer for detecting the 21-cm hydrogen signal from redshift 7.5 to 28
论文作者
论文摘要
对原始氢的21厘米线的观察有望成为研究宇宙早期时期的最佳工具之一:黑暗时代,宇宙黎明和随后的电离时代。在2018年,边缘实验引起了宇宙学界的注意,以78 MHz为中心的天空平均无线电频谱中的吸收特征可能检测到吸收特征。该功能比预期的要深,如果得到确认,将需要新的物理学。但是,不同的组重新分析了边缘数据并质疑信号的可靠性。用于分析宇宙氢(接触)的无线电实验是一项天空平均的21厘米实验,旨在通过解决数据中与残留系统信号相关的当前工具所面临的问题来改善当前观察结果。新型的实验方法着重于使用贝叶斯统计数据来检测和共同解释这些系统和前景和宇宙学信号。为了实现这一目标,REACH具有两个不同天线,一个超宽带系统(红移范围7.5至28)的同时观察结果,以及基于场地测量值的接收器校准器。对天体物理参数的模拟观察预测百分比限制了百分比的约束,有可能为婴儿宇宙打开新的窗口。
Observations of the 21-cm line from primordial hydrogen promise to be one of the best tools to study the early epochs of the Universe: the Dark Ages, the Cosmic Dawn, and the subsequent Epoch of Reionization. In 2018, the EDGES experiment caught the attention of the cosmology community with a potential detection of an absorption feature in the sky-averaged radio spectrum centred at 78 MHz. The feature is deeper than expected, and, if confirmed, would call for new physics. However, different groups have re-analyzed the EDGES data and questioned the reliability of the signal. The Radio Experiment for the Analysis of Cosmic Hydrogen (REACH) is a sky-averaged 21-cm experiment aiming at improving the current observations by tackling the issues faced by current instruments related to residual systematic signals in the data. The novel experimental approach focuses on detecting and jointly explaining these systematics together with the foregrounds and the cosmological signal using Bayesian statistics. To achieve this, REACH features simultaneous observations with two different antennas, an ultra wideband system (redshift range 7.5 to 28), and a receiver calibrator based on in-field measurements. Simulated observations forecast percent-level constraints on astrophysical parameters, potentially opening up a new window to the infant Universe.