论文标题

部分可观测时空混沌系统的无模型预测

Bayesian Detection and Tracking of Odontocetes in 3-D from Their Echolocation Clicks

论文作者

Jang, Junsu, Meyer, Florian, Snyder, Eric R., Wiggins, Sean M., Baumann-Pickering, Simone, Hildebrand, John A.

论文摘要

储层计算是预测湍流的有力工具,其简单的架构具有处理大型系统的计算效率。然而,其实现通常需要完整的状态向量测量和系统非线性知识。我们使用非线性投影函数将系统测量扩展到高维空间,然后将其输入到储层中以获得预测。我们展示了这种储层计算网络在时空混沌系统上的应用,该系统模拟了湍流的若干特征。我们表明,使用径向基函数作为非线性投影器,即使只有部分观测并且不知道控制方程,也能稳健地捕捉复杂的系统非线性。最后,我们表明,当测量稀疏、不完整且带有噪声,甚至控制方程变得不准确时,我们的网络仍然可以产生相当准确的预测,从而为实际湍流系统的无模型预测铺平了道路。

Localizing and tracking of marine mammals can reveal key insights into behaviors underwater that otherwise would remain unexplored. A promising nonintrusive approach to obtaining location information of marine mammals is based on recordings of bio-acoustic signals by volumetric hydrophone arrays. Time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) measurements of echolocation clicks emitted by odontocetes can be extracted and used for detection, localization, and tracking in 3-D. We propose a data processing chain that automatically detects and tracks multiple odontocetes in 3-D from their echolocation clicks. First, TDOA measurements are extracted with a generalized cross-correlation that whitens received acoustic signals based on instrument noise statistics. Subsequently, odontocetes are tracked in the TDOA domain using a graph-based multi-target tracking (MTT) method to reject false TDOA measurements and close gaps of missed detections. The resulting TDOA estimates are then used by another graph-based MTT stage that estimates odontocete tracks in 3-D. The tracking capability of the proposed data processing chain is demonstrated on real acoustic data provided by two volumetric hydrophone arrays that recorded echolocation clicks from Cuvier's beaked whales (Ziphius cavirostris). Simulation results show that the presented 3-D MTT method can outperform an existing approach that relies on hand annotation.

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