论文标题
关于$^{40} $ k在陆地生命的起源中的作用
On the Role of $^{40}$K in the Origin of Terrestrial Life
论文作者
论文摘要
钾的丰度和生物学作用表明其不稳定的核素存在于陆生生物发生的所有阶段。凭借其增强的Archean Eon同位素比，$^{40} $ K可能促成了原始地球中存在的特殊，可能是独特的生物遗传条件。与U和TH放射性核素相比，$^{40} $ K的放射化学影响较小，这可能会导致原始生物分子的结构和功能性能中等但持续的演变。在$^{40} $ k的主要$β$ -Decay路线中，用钾离子生成的辐射剂量可以大于地球上当前的背景辐射的辐射剂量，高1到两个数量级。两种示意图模型的估计值估计了受$β$衰减影响的有机分子的估计值，用于在益生元溶液的溶剂中传播二次事件的两个示意图。由$^{40} $ K发出的左手$β^ - $颗粒是通过原始地球中的弱核力量触发对映体过量L型氨基酸的最佳候选者。 $^{40} $ k的浓度依赖性辐射剂量非常适合干燥 - 生命起源的障碍，应在益生元化学途径的现实模拟中考虑。
The abundance and biological role of potassium suggest that its unstable nuclide was present in all stages of terrestrial biogenesis. With its enhanced isotopic ratio in the Archean eon, $^{40}$K may have contributed to the special, perhaps unique, biogenetic conditions that were present in the primitive Earth. Compared to the U and Th radionuclides, $^{40}$K has a less disruptive radiochemical impact, which may drive a moderate, but persistent evolution of the structural and functional properties of proto-biological molecules. In the main $β$-decay route of $^{40}$K, the radiation dose generated by an Archean solution with potassium ions can be larger than the present background radiation on Earth by one to two orders of magnitude. Estimates of the rates of organic molecules indirectly affected by $β$ decays are provided for two schematic models of the propagation of secondary events in the solvent of prebiotic solutions. The left-handed $β^-$ particles emitted by $^{40}$K are the best candidates to trigger an enantiomeric excess of L-type amino acids via weak nuclear forces in the primitive Earth. The concentration-dependent radiation dose of $^{40}$K fits well in dry--wet scenarios of life's origins and should be considered in realistic simulations of prebiotic chemical pathways.
