论文标题
最佳任务卸载策略在边缘计算系统中的固定截止日期
Optimal Task Offloading Policy in Edge Computing Systems with Firm Deadlines
论文作者
论文摘要
移动数据流量最近的急剧增加将移动边缘计算系统推向了其容量的极限。解决此问题的一个有希望的解决方案是无人机(UAV)提供的任务迁移。无人机卸载方案的设计中要考虑的关键因素必须包括系统中等待的任务数量及其相应的截止日期。一个适当的系统成本作为目标函数,可以最小化,包括两个部分。首先,可以将卸载成本解释为在无人机使用计算资源的成本。其次,由于潜在的任务到期而导致的罚款成本。为了最大程度地减少预期(时间平均)在时间范围内的成本,我们制定动态编程(DP)方程,并分析它以描述候选最佳卸载策略的属性。 DP方程遭受了众所周知的“维度诅咒”,这使计算变得棘手,尤其是当状态空间无限时。为了减轻计算负担,我们确定了最佳政策的三个重要特性。基于这些属性,我们表明仅在状态空间的有限子集上评估DP方程足够。然后,我们证明可以从与状态相关的最佳任务卸载决策可以从在其“相邻”状态下的决定中推断出来,从而进一步减少计算负载。最后,我们提供数值结果,以评估不同参数对系统性能的影响并验证理论结果。
The recent drastic increase in mobile data traffic has pushed the mobile edge computing systems to the limit of their capacity. A promising solution to this problem is the task migration provided by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). Key factors to be taken into account in the design of UAV offloading schemes must include the number of tasks waiting in the system as well as their corresponding deadlines. An appropriate system cost which is used as an objective function to be minimized comprises two parts. First, an offloading cost which can be interpreted as the cost of using computational resources at the UAV. Second, a penalty cost due to potential task expiration. In order to minimize the expected (time average) cost over a time horizon, we formulate a Dynamic Programming (DP) equation and analyze it to describe properties of a candidate optimal offloading policy. The DP equation suffers from the well-known "Curse of Dimensionality" that makes computations intractable, especially when the state space is infinite. In order to reduce the computational burden, we identify three important properties of the optimal policy. Based on these properties, we show that it suffices to evaluate the DP equation on a finite subset of the state space only. We then show that the optimal task offloading decision associated with a state can be inferred from the decision taken at its "adjacent" states, further reducing the computational load. Finally, we provide numerical results to evaluate the influence of different parameters on the system performance as well as verify the theoretical results.