论文标题
同时使用医学成像方式和创新治疗来对抗视网膜炎色素
The Concurrent Use of Medical Imaging Modalities and Innovative Treatments to Combat Retinitis Pigmentosa
论文作者
论文摘要
视网膜炎色素（RP）是全球视力丧失和失明的主要原因之一，是一种进行性视网膜疾病，涉及光感受器降解（7）和/或视网膜色素上皮细胞（14）。 RP影响了大约4000人中的1人，是由一系列基因突变引起的。每个特定的突变都呈现患者的特定病理模式，甚至在不同患者的不同表型中也存在相同的突变（14）。 RP通常从外围视力丧失开始，首先攻击杆，导致Nyctalopia或夜失明（22）。在疾病的后期，锥体开始萎缩，进一步缩小视野并掩盖了中央视力（22）。幸运的是，随着医学成像技术和新型治疗治疗的最新进展，在过去的几十年中，早期发现和RP的总体预后都显着改善。这篇综述将追踪RP的生理原因，如何影响视网膜和眼部生理学，我们可以诊断和形象的技术以及为抗击它而开发的各种治疗方法。待讨论的医学成像技术包括但不限于自适应光学（AO），包括SD-OCT和OCTA，眼底自动荧光（FAF）及其相关的荧光寿命寿命成像眼镜检查（FLIO），彩色多普勒流动成像（CDFI），Micropoperimetry和MRI和MRI。要讨论的治疗方法包括干细胞疗法，基因疗法，细胞移植，药理学治疗和人造视网膜植入物。在整个综述中，这将不仅可以看出RP可以呈现的严重性和多样性，还可以看出旨在应对这种病理学的医学成像和创新治疗中的先进制造。
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP), one of the leading causes of vision loss and blindness globally, is a progressive retinal disease involving the degradation of photoreceptors (7) and/or retinal pigment epithelial cells (14). Affecting approximately 1 in 4000 people, RP is caused by a series of genetic mutations; each specific mutation presents a specific pathological pattern in the patient, with the same mutation even presenting in different phenotypes in different patients (14). RP generally starts with peripheral vision loss, attacking the rods first, causing nyctalopia or night blindness (22). In later stages of the disease, the cones start to atrophy, further narrowing the field of vision and obscuring central vision (22). Luckily, with recent advances in medical imaging techniques and novel therapeutic treatments, both early detection and the overall prognosis of RP in patients have improved dramatically in the past few decades. This review will trace RP's physiological causes, how it affects retinal and ocular physiology, the techniques through which we can diagnose and image it, and the various treatments developed to try to combat it. The medical imaging techniques to be discussed include but are not limited to adaptive optics (AO), OCT including SD-OCT and OCTA, fundus autofluorescence (FAF) and its associated fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy (FLIO), colour Doppler flow imaging (CDFI), microperimetry, and MRI. The treatments to be discussed include stem cell therapy, gene therapy, cell transplantation, pharmacological therapy, and artificial retinal implants. Throughout this review, it will be made evident of not just the severity and diversity through which RP can present, but also the advanced made in medical imaging and innovative treatments designed to combat this pathology.
