论文标题
Bose-Einstein冷凝水中阳米尔斯田的合成拓扑真空吸尘器
Synthetic Topological Vacua of Yang-Mills Fields in Bose-Einstein Condensates
论文作者
论文摘要
拓扑真空是阳米尔斯田地的一个堕落基态的家族，其场强，但非平凡的拓扑结构。它们在粒子物理和量子场理论中起着基本作用，但尚未在实验中观察到。在这里，我们报告了与原子玻璃纤维云的合成拓扑真空吸尘器的第一个理论建议和实验实现。我们的设置提供了一个有希望的平台，以证明真空而不是空的，具有丰富的空间结构的基本概念。合成了拓扑数n = 1的真空度的哈密顿量，并测量了相关的HOPF指数。还实现了拓扑数n = 2的真空，我们发现具有不同拓扑数的真空具有独特的自旋纹理和HOPF链接。我们的工作为探索桌面实验中的拓扑真空和相关长期的Instantons提供了机会。
Topological vacua are a family of degenerate ground states of Yang-Mills fields with zero field strength but nontrivial topological structures. They play a fundamental role in particle physics and quantum field theory, but have not yet been experimentally observed. Here we report the first theoretical proposal and experimental realization of synthetic topological vacua with a cloud of atomic Bose-Einstein condensates. Our setup provides a promising platform to demonstrate the fundamental concept that a vacuum, rather than being empty, has rich spatial structures. The Hamiltonian for the vacuum of topological number n = 1 is synthesized and the related Hopf index is measured. The vacuum of topological number n = 2 is also realized, and we find that vacua with different topological numbers have distinctive spin textures and Hopf links. Our work opens up opportunities for exploring topological vacua and related long-sought-after instantons in tabletop experiments.
