论文标题
可持续和方便：双模式公共交通系统的表现优于私人汽车
Sustainable and convenient: bi-modal public transit systems outperforming the private car
论文作者
论文摘要
流动性是现代人类社会不可或缺的一部分，但是机动的个人交通（MIV，即私人汽车）的主导地位导致浪费能源以及其他资源。在这里，我们表明，通过将线路服务（例如铁路）系统与乘车式航天飞机相结合，连接线路与所需的接送和下车点相连，可能会导致双模式的公共交通系统，从而在服务水平上（在运输时间）上提供与当前公共交通相比，与当前的公共交通相比，以及与当前的公共交通相比，并提供了整体舒适度，并提供了整体舒适度。我们确定优化的相互冲突目标，即用户的便利性和能源消耗，并根据帕累托阵线评估系统性能。通过模拟和分析理论，我们发现在实际环境中通常发现的线路服务密度下，能源消耗可以低至MIV的20％。令人惊讶的是，我们发现不仅在城市中，而且在农村环境中都发现有利的表现。
Mobility is an indispensable part of modern human societies, but the dominance of motorized individual traffic (MIV, i.e., the private car) leads to a prohibitive waste of energy as well as other resources. Here we show that by combining a line service (e.g., railway) system with a fleet of ride-pooling shuttles connecting line stops to desired pick-up and drop-off points, a bi-modal public transport system may result which provides on-demand door-to-door service at a service level (in terms of transit times) superior to current public transport, and with an overall comfort level comparable to MIV. We identify the conflicting objectives for optimization, i.e., user convenience and energy consumption, and evaluate the system performance in terms of Pareto fronts. By means of simulation and analytical theory, we find that energy consumption can be as low as 20% of MIV, at line service densities typically found in real settings. Surprisingly, we find favorable performance not only in urban, but also in rural settings.
